# Overview

EtherScore: Building onchain reputations to improve Web3 governance and incentives

EtherScore addresses the current shortcomings in Web3 by providing a unified, decentralized reputation system using NFT badges. This system enables Dapps and DAOs to efficiently curate and reward users for their contributions, offering a clearer view of user activity and achievements.

By mitigating the complexities of blockchain explorers and reducing the influence of speculators and bots in token distribution, EtherScore promotes fairness in both incentives and governance, **ensuring that communities are governed by active and engaged participants** rather than just capital holders.

More context: 

* **Reputation systems in blockchains** **are missing:** bots benefit from airdrops and incentives at the expense of Dapps and real users, speculators exploit token sales and DAO governance prioritizes capital. 
* Applications need a way to identify and reward efficiently their users for their contributions.

  **With EtherScore, users can build their on-chain reputation by collecting badges to represent Web3 achievements.** EtherScore profiles showcase resumes of users' Web3 activities in a single place.
* Dapps can **build on top of badges to develop reputation-based services** such as curated social networks, fair airdrops and token sales, loyalty programs, DeFi and DAO governance based on on-chain reputations etc.


# What's EtherScore?

***EtherScore is a decentralized reputation system using badges to create user profiles that aggregate Web3 achievements.** On top of EtherScore, Dapps can develop reputation-based services in areas like curated social networks, fair airdrops/ICOs, DeFi, and DAO governance.*<br>

### Problem: Reputation systems in blockchains are missing

* **Complex Web3 User Experience:** Web3 users need a clearer view of their activity history (blockchain explorers are complex and not user-friendly).

  Dapps and DAOs need a way to efficiently curate and reward their users for their contributions.
* **Unfairness in Web3 incentives:**  Web3 incentives focus on user growth, not retention. Token distribution methods are vulnerable to speculators and bots (ICOs, airdrops, or dapps incentives).
* **Unfairness in Web3 governance:** Dapps/DAOs need to be governed by their users, not just capital.

Web3 is growing rapidly with more users, chains and dapps every day. However, **the lack of robust user analytics is limiting progress** on several fronts, including improving the user experience, effective token distribution methods, user retention strategies, and more distributed DAO governance. Current experimental approaches to user incentives, ICOs, and airdrops often lack interoperability, verifiability, and transparency, leading to disparate methods for community curation that are predominantly centralized.&#x20;

**EtherScore introduces a reputation system** aimed at identifying and rewarding Web3 users effectively. This system seeks to standardize metrics and adopt a decentralized approach, aiming to improve the fairness, transparency, and efficiency of the Web3 ecosystem.

***

### Solution: EtherScore's on-chain reputations

![EtherScore logo](https://i.imgur.com/f907lWt.png)

EtherScore's reputation system solves a basic problem for blockchain organizations: how to find, **recognize**, and **reward** users over time.

EtherScore creates **NFT badges** based on a user’s on-chain actions. They are indelible and can be used to **certify experiences**, provide proof of an accomplishment, or distribute incentives to certain classes of users. User actions can include anything involving a blockchain, such as interacting with a DeFi platform in a particular way, belonging to a DAO, or using any Dapp.&#x20;

Users can collect badges to improve their **on-chain reputation** and build their EtherScore profile (onchain resume/overview of user's Web3 activity and preferences). As users accumulate badges, they become **curated** and can receive **incentives** from Dapps such as discounts, better APY, DAO voting power, and anticipated access to features or staking pools, etc.

EtherScore DAO, the first use case built on top of EtherScore, intends to develop **new paradigms of governance** by using onchain reputations in addition to ERC20 tokens.

{% hint style="info" %}
To get started and claim your first EtherScore Badge, follow [this tutorial](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-badges)
{% endhint %}

{% hint style="info" %}
Please note that while our NFT badges are on testnet, they are only based on mainnet actions, so the user profile is already representative of true onchain reputation (only the proof is stored on a blockchain testnet instead of centralized servers).
{% endhint %}

To learn more about EtherScore concepts:

<table data-card-size="large" data-view="cards"><thead><tr><th data-card-target data-type="content-ref"></th><th data-hidden></th><th data-hidden></th><th data-hidden></th><th data-hidden data-card-cover data-type="files"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a href="/pages/eQe0jhHugBMqX0WNJGYP">/pages/eQe0jhHugBMqX0WNJGYP</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/pages/3DDAqPHMAwGy0YptymyZ">/pages/3DDAqPHMAwGy0YptymyZ</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/pages/7gMN5QuU07rkws0cHDJR">/pages/7gMN5QuU07rkws0cHDJR</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/pages/jlD4X55v1nGvwJ6CGJh1">/pages/jlD4X55v1nGvwJ6CGJh1</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/pages/6kQZs4EJ4jKxv97KKpwY">/pages/6kQZs4EJ4jKxv97KKpwY</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/pages/DP7yWp5QIuSPLPgmJ1g4">/pages/DP7yWp5QIuSPLPgmJ1g4</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>


# EtherScore Badges

NFTs to represent Web3 users' achievements

### What are EtherScore badges?

EtherScore badges are **NFTs that represent on-chain achievements of Web3 users**, reflecting their blockchain and Dapp usage. These badges contribute to users' **on-chain reputation** and can be utilized by Dapps to provide benefits or showcased in [EtherScore Profiles.](/documentation/etherscore-profiles)

Badges are defined by minting conditions—specific achievements required to mint the NFT, such as completing three swaps on Uniswap. Currently, over 120 badges related to various chains and Dapps are available, spanning DeFi, NFTs, and DAOs. Initially, these badges grant specific roles in Discord and voting power in the EtherScore DAO on a 1-badge-1-vote basis ([more details on EtherScore DAO](/documentation/dao)).

{% hint style="info" %}
To get started and claim your first EtherScore Badge, follow [our tutorial](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-badges).
{% endhint %}

{% hint style="info" %}
If you are a Dapp or a developer looking to release EtherScore badges for your community, follow [our tutorial](/faq-for-builders/top-1)
{% endhint %}

***

### Badges Examples

To provide a clearer picture, here are examples of badges released in the beta version:&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/LzBUjBP767jdh4XPhtdW" alt=""><figcaption><p>Examples of EtherScore badges</p></figcaption></figure>

Users who have completed the actions specified on each badge can claim them. For more details on the badge designs, please refer to the next section.

### Badges Description

The initial badges are [Soulbound tokens](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4105763), meaning they cannot be transferred, ensuring reputation and benefits are non-tradable and legitimate. Here's a breakdown of the badge design in the beta version:

<figure><img src="/files/jt6vmQAm2U2FDYaAzMZA" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore badge design description</p></figcaption></figure>

* **Network:** Specifies the network required for the task (e.g., Ethereum).
* **Badge Category:** Describe the type of action/dapp related (e.g., DEX, Bridge). Adding these categories to the badge informations allow users to filter and explore badges easily in the explorer, but it also allows to develop different score for different communities (an NFT community could give more power/score to badges related to NFTs).

  <figure><img src="/files/e0iisjmshqzSzpcw1x6T" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore badges categories</p></figcaption></figure>

  Badges can concern any type of dapp, this list is only for informative purpose and is not restricted, more categories will be added in the future.
* **Badge Condition:** Defines the action needed to claim the badge
* **Badge Property:** Lists customizable parameters (e.g., transferability).

  <figure><img src="/files/Qapl6bxE4u7dNoSvNG4f" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore badges properties</p></figcaption></figure>

{% hint style="info" %}
Currently, all badges are non-transferable, with more diverse properties planned for future releases.
{% endhint %}

### Future Developments

We have planned several key improvements for EtherScore badges, starting with the following:

* **Multi-Level Badges:** Badges will soon evolve to include multiple levels based on specific criteria (e.g., a Uniswap Swapper badge could have levels for 1 swap, 10 swaps, and 50 swaps). Users who achieve Level 1 of a badge will have the opportunity to progress to higher levels as they meet additional requirements. This refinement aims to enhance on-chain reputations by providing more detailed data and accurate representations of user activity. For example, it ensures that a user who stakes $1 of ETH for one day does not receive the same badge as a user who stakes $1000 for two years. While each badge level will have its limitations, we believe this approach will significantly improve the accuracy of user profiles.
* **DAO Voting Power Review:** After implementing multi-level badges, the DAO will review and adjust the voting power assigned to each badge based on its relevance and the number of levels it includes. Discussions within the DAO will focus on defining voting power allocations for each badge type, considering their levels and categories (e.g., a Level 1 badge from the DEX category might receive +2 voting power). Balancing these allocations across categories of users will be a key consideration in developing an equitable scheme.
* **Improved Badge Design:** The badges will be enhanced to improve their visual appeal and to make them more intuitive and easier for users to understand.

{% hint style="info" %}
For more details on what's more to come, check [our Roadmap](/documentation/roadmap)
{% endhint %}


# EtherScore Profiles

Your onchain resume

EtherScore Profiles act as an **onchain resume**, aggregating user achievements across various blockchains and Dapps. These profiles are designed for **showcasing and comparing accomplishments** with others, providing an **ergonomic view of your blockchain activities**. Unlike traditional blockchain explorers that offer low-level, complex transaction data, EtherScore Profiles abstract these details to improve user experience (UX), making it **easier to understand** and interact with your blockchain actions.

<figure><img src="/files/vSQZzILsspdeeYmy1ptK" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore User Profile Example</p></figcaption></figure>

By visiting a profile associated with an address, you can view collected badges and the [EtherScore Reputation Tier](/documentation/reputation-tiers) (which ranks based on the number of badges held) among other relevant information. Additional data will soon be incorporated. Our objective is to **enable users to identify a person's contributions and areas of interest within seconds**. Achieving this goal necessitates a certain level of customizability, as outlined in the next section.

EtherScore aims to make Web3 interactions more gamified through multiple badge collections, but also leaderboards and social aspects, while **curating loyal users**.

{% hint style="info" %}
To get started and claim your first EtherScore Badge, follow [our tutorial](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-badges).
{% endhint %}

EtherScore profiles are integrated into [Etherscan](http://etherscan.io/) and [Blockscout](https://www.blockscout.com/) explorers, where user reputations are displayed to provide additional context and insights. Learn more about these integrations here:

{% content-ref url="/pages/YdPWoUXEar1dA1fXr8Kp" %}
[Integrations examples](/documentation/integrations-examples)
{% endcontent-ref %}

***

#### Future Development: Customizable Profiles

EtherScore Profiles will be highly customizable, allowing you to **personalize your profile with widgets**. Choose your favorite badges, stats, and more to **reflect your blockchain identity**. Whether you're a proud DeFi degen or a dedicated DAO citizen, showcase your achievements and let others see your on-chain accomplishments. After all, who doesn't enjoy collecting and sharing their achievements?

Potential customizable widgets:&#x20;

* Highlight specific badges (select x favorite badges)
* Display your badges stats based on badge categories (DEX, bridges, etc.)
* Display your leaderboard rank within EtherScore (various leaderboards could be available)
* Display the date of your 1st badge/transaction, number of transactions, gas spent, etc.
* Display the networks and dapps already used&#x20;

{% hint style="info" %}
Please note that while our NFT badges are on testnet, they are only based on mainnet actions, so the user profile is already representative of true onchain reputation (only the proof is stored on a blockchain testnet instead of centralized servers).
{% endhint %}

#### Future Development: EtherScore Profiles Integrations

EtherScore Profiles aims to serve as comprehensive snapshots of users activities, providing DApps with the ability to enhance their interfaces by seamlessly integrating EtherScore profiles and badges. This integrations will add a **social dimension to Web3**, similar to how ENS ([Ethereum Name Service](https://ens.domains/)) has revolutionized user experience through name management. By incorporating EtherScore, applications can enrich user engagement while improving overall usability and functionality across the Web3 ecosystem.

{% hint style="info" %}
If you are a Dapp or a developer looking to integrate EtherScore, follow [this tutorial](/faq-for-builders/how-to-integrate-etherscore-profiles)
{% endhint %}


# Reputation Tiers

From Badges to Tiers: Understanding Rankings in Our Curated Community

*In our growing community, it's important to **recognize and reward members' contributions** effectively. EtherScore Reputation Tiers offer a structured approach to achieve these goals. These **tiers curate users based on the badges they earn**, establishing a clear hierarchy that reflects their level of involvement and expertise within EtherScore.*

EtherScore Reputation Tiers represent a user's rank within our communit&#x79;**,** determined by the number of badges earned—a higher number indicating a better rank. These **tiers provide a quick overview of a user's reputation** without needing to examine each badge in detail. They also enable recognition of highly active users in the Web3 ecosystem and within EtherScore. \
\
Benefits within the EtherScore community and EtherScore DAO are distributed based on these tiers, which provide different levels of user curation. Moreover, **external parties can utilize this curated user list as criteria or multipliers for incentives** like airdrops, ICO whitelists, NFT opportunities, premium features, and early access to new functionalities (enhancing the overall value proposition for community members).<br>

{% hint style="info" %}
If you are a Dapp or a developer looking to use EtherScore to curate your users, follow [this tutorial](broken://pages/vto6pBOZqm7a0XsUmfAv)
{% endhint %}

***

Below is the list of each Tier along with its threshold requirements and associated benefits:

{% hint style="info" %}
Tiers are automatically earned once you reach the requirement.\
To claim your EtherScore Reputation Tier role in our Discord, follow [this tutorial](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-discord-roles)
{% endhint %}

<table><thead><tr><th align="center">Reputation Tiers</th><th width="142" align="center">Requirement</th><th>Benefits</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center"><p>Bronze</p><p><img src="/files/D0m7gHoavhi1VIuO74er" alt=""></p></td><td align="center">10 Badges</td><td><ul><li>Discord role:<br><em>"EtherScore Bronze Member"</em></li><li>+1 EtherScore DAO Voting Power</li></ul></td></tr><tr><td align="center">Silver<br><img src="/files/H7kpQaUru7gHDSkWQxoI" alt="" data-size="original"></td><td align="center">20 Badges</td><td><ul><li>Discord role:<br><em>"EtherScore Silver Member"</em></li><li>+2 EtherScore DAO Voting Power</li></ul></td></tr><tr><td align="center">Gold<br><img src="/files/k9JP20Xl7SOqGdMALGea" alt=""></td><td align="center">40 Badges</td><td><ul><li>Discord role:<br><em>"EtherScore Gold Member"</em></li><li>+4 EtherScore DAO Voting Power</li></ul></td></tr><tr><td align="center">Platinum<br><img src="/files/FWSjCZoFVR8oqvuIFx0h" alt=""></td><td align="center">60 Badges</td><td><ul><li>Discord role:<br><em>"EtherScore Platinum Member"</em></li><li>+6 EtherScore DAO Voting Power</li></ul></td></tr><tr><td align="center">Diamond<br><img src="/files/5qRaPe2CVMoh6xohxCe7" alt=""></td><td align="center">80 Badges</td><td><ul><li>Discord role:<br><em>"EtherScore Diamond Member"</em></li><li>+8 EtherScore DAO Voting Power</li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table>

As additional badges are introduced, we will adjust the thresholds for each rank to remain relevant and aligned with community dynamics. This approach aims to encourage continuous participation and foster positive contributions to the broader Web3 ecosystem.


# EtherScore Attestations

Proving users' reputations on Base mainnet

EtherScore Attestations allow users to prove their onchain reputation and achievements on Base mainnet.

<figure><img src="/files/tjSdX95pgg6NFoxNB1J7" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore Attestation Example</p></figcaption></figure>

While the EtherScore Beta is live on Base Sepolia, users can now attest their reputation (badge count, rank, tier, etc.) on Base mainnet to become verified. These attestations will be the first step to unlocking tangible onchain integrations and benefits for the EtherScore community.

To prevent spam and maintain community quality, attestations come with a minting fee and an update fee. These fees are subject to tiered discounts based on each user’s EtherScore Reputation Tier (e.g., Bronze, Silver, Gold). The higher your onchain reputation, the lower your attestation cost.

#### Fees and Linear discount across Tiers

* **Attestation creation (1st mint)**: 0.0015 Ξ
* **Attestation update (2nd+ mint)**: 0.0005 Ξ

| Tier     | Bronze | Silver | Gold | Platinum | Diamond |
| -------- | ------ | ------ | ---- | -------- | ------- |
| Discount | 10%    | 20%    | 30%  | 40%      | 50%     |

EtherScore Attestations are built using [EAS](https://attest.org/).

EtherScore Attestations EAS Schema: <https://base.easscan.org/schema/view/0x0e912c453c31adbc0e615a5e8b07cd191dd5017386520dbbf00d78419edd9fc4>


# EtherScore DAO

A DAO to make Web3 fair (for users, by users)

### Introduction

EtherScore aims to decentralize its governance over time through a DAO. Using tokenized voting, EtherScore users will be able to **make proposals** and **vote for governance decisions**.

Proposals can represent anything. They might concern the management of the DAO’s treasury, the issuance of EtherScore’s badge collections, adjusting badge prices, fee distribution ratios, hiring or changing or adding to protocol parameters.

EtherScore intends to experiment with **new paradigms of governance** by using EtherScore Badges in addition to ERC20 tokens. Several models will be explored to find an appropriate **combination of capital and reputation** that balances everyone's interests.

{% hint style="info" %}
To check EtherScore DAO and proposals, [click here](https://snapshot.org/#/etherscoredao.eth).\
To vote in EtherScore DAO, please follow [this tutorial](/faq-for-users/how-to-vote-in-etherscore-dao).
{% endhint %}

Here is a breakdown of the planned phases for EtherScore DAO:&#x20;

### EtherScore DAO Phase 1 (Alpha Version) : "1-badge-1-vote"

The initial iteration of our DAO operates on a straightforward model: **one badge equals one vote**.\
Early proposals enabled us to gauge community engagement and address various topics, such as adding or removing badges, setting thresholds, and determining bonuses for EtherScore Reputation Tiers members.\
More details about the alpha version here:

{% content-ref url="/pages/9s0zR5e4Vu3maNaIVvwL" %}
[Alpha Version](/documentation/dao/alpha-version)
{% endcontent-ref %}

### EtherScore DAO Phase 2 (Beta Version) : "1-badge-x-votes" (soon)

The next step involves defining different vote weights for EtherScore badges based on their eligibility conditions.\
Intuitively, the strategy would be that the more challenging a badge is to acquire, the greater its weight should be. However, Web3 communities do not all value the same actions equally; some prioritize trading volume as the most important metric, while others may value active participation in DAO proposals more highly.

Our goal is to develop a model that is flexible and inclusive enough to support the entire community. More details will be released soon—stay tuned!

{% content-ref url="/pages/LTOF3Qr0uuSoFslgVKgX" %}
[Beta version](/documentation/dao/beta-version)
{% endcontent-ref %}

### EtherScore DAO phase 3 : "Metagovernance" (soon)

Our vision is to allow for a more inclusive and democratic participation in DAOs by prioritizing on-chain reputations over capital. EtherScore's commitment to representing the concerns of our curated users, regardless of their token amounts, fosters a community-driven and transparent governance model.

<br>

In the first period, the EtherScore team will be responsible for DAO proposal votes and justification.\
Over time, we expect to experiment with processes to include our community of curated users to discuss votes decisions (and vote with their onchain reputation to express their disapproval if required)

<br>


# Alpha Version

A DAO experiment based on Soulbound Tokens

EtherScore Alpha Version is the first step towards experimenting with Soulbound Tokens and their use (starting with DAOs). The scope of the alpha version is deliberately limited to very basic NFT badges, features and benefits. The EtherScore Genesis collection, the first set of EtherScore NFT badges, is a DeSoc experiment designed to curate blockchain users. The goal is to try to identify users that might be considered as reputable, or contributing positively to blockchains ecosystem, to give them benefits (starting with EtherScoreDAO access). The first experiment consists of selecting a small set of users being able to vote on how we should expand the community itself.

### EtherScore Genesis DAO

In order to explore how to overcome the limitations of the current 1-token-1-vote paradigm, we will release our DAO and limit the vote access to the addresses having claimed any badge. DAO voting power will be determined based on the amount of badges owned by addresses (i.e. an address having claimed 5 EtherScore badges will have a voting power of 5 in the EtherScore DAO). Later versions of EtherScore will define more specific vote weights on badges, notably when there will be different levels of badges (example: make 5 swaps on Uniswap, 10 swaps, 50 swaps).

The first DAO proposals will consist of helping us to define which badges will be added to the EtherScore Genesis collection to give access to the DAO and further proposals. Proposal creation will be restricted to the core team before having a consequent community, however discussions will take place in our Discord to allow early adopters to give their opinions and suggestions. Next versions will include a process for the community to directly propose badges. The EtherScore community will then grow iteratively by adding new cautiously selected badges. The objective is still the same, targeting specific audiences of users that can be considered as reputable, real humans, blockchain enthusiasts, and trying to favor usage over speculation.

At first, all badges of the EtherScore Genesis Collection will give the same benefits: access to EtherScore DAO, specific EtherScore Discord channels etc. However, such holders will be considered as early adopters and will see a lot of other benefits announced later.&#x20;

To know how to claim a badge please go to [our tutorial page](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-badges).


# Beta version

Enhancing the EtherScore DAO Model

The Beta version introduces several features designed to refine and improve the EtherScore DAO model. While the Alpha version was a solid initial step towards establishing on-chain reputations, the next phase involves more precise and nuanced data.

### Goals for Refinement

Our primary goal is to create a more dynamic and accurate reputation system that aligns with the diverse interests of communities. We aim to:

1. **Improve Badge Accuracy**: By refining the criteria and weights for badges, we can better capture the nuances of user activities and contributions. This ensures that each badge accurately reflects the value and effort of the actions it represents.
2. **Enhance Community Alignment**: Tailoring badge weights to different community interests ensures that the reputation system aligns with what each community values most, whether it's trading activity, governance participation, or other metrics.
3. **Promote Balanced Participation**: By adjusting badge weights, we can incentivize a broader range of activities, encouraging users to engage in diverse actions that benefit the overall ecosystem. This helps create more balanced and active communities.

By focusing on these goals, we aim to create a more flexible and inclusive model that accurately reflects the diverse activities within the Web3 ecosystem.

***

### Planned Improvements

#### **Voting Power Based on Categories**

In the Beta version, each badge will belong to at least one category, describing the type of DApps associated with the badge (e.g., DEX, Social, Lending). This categorization enables us to assign different weights to each category. For instance, a badge from the DEX category might grant +1 voting power, while a badge from the Airdrop category could grant +2 voting power due to its higher difficulty. DAO discussions will help balance these weights across categories, ensuring fairness and relevance.

#### **Voting Power Based on Categories and Multi-Levels**

Badges will evolve to include multiple levels based on specific criteria. For example, a Uniswap Swapper badge could have levels for 1 swap, 10 swaps, and 50 swaps. Users achieving Level 1 of a badge can progress to higher levels as they meet additional requirements. This approach ensures that user activity is more accurately represented—e.g., a user staking $1 of ETH for one day will not receive the same badge as a user staking $1000 for two years.

This multi-level system significantly improves the accuracy of on-chain reputations by providing more detailed data. Additionally, by incorporating these detailed reputations into the voting power system, we ensure that voting power is more accurately distributed based on user activity and contributions. This refinement aims to balance the influence within the DAO, making the governance process more equitable and reflective of the community’s true engagement.


# Benefits of Reputation-Based Governance

Traditional DAO Governance VS Reputation-Based DAO Governance

### Introduction

As explained previously, existing DAO governance models are based on capital, while EtherScore develop new paradigms based on onchain reputations to **empower users to govern the app they use**.

In 1-token-1-vote DAOs, anyone can buy votes and entities are fighting each other to accumulate voting power, while in EtherScore, your legitimacy and contributions will give you voting power.

<figure><img src="/files/QrctUMgtpDFBke27I5FA" alt="" width="375"><figcaption><p>Traditional DAOs vs Reputation-Based DAOs</p></figcaption></figure>

In traditional DAO governance models, the total sum of voting power is fixed and based on the maximum supply of tokens. In the case of EtherScore, this voting power evolves in proportion to the number of users, resulting in a continuous dilution of the voting power held by existing users. Unlike traditional models, where large capital owners can maintain their percentage of voting power, EtherScore imposes a dynamic where maintaining the percentage of voting power requires continuous activity from users to accumulate badges. \
\
In EtherScore's model, the percentage of voting power a user represents is subject to an upper bound determined by the maximum number of badges they can obtain. Additionally, unlike traditional models, the accumulation of voting power in EtherScore increases the total sum dynamically rather than concentrating it. To maintain their voting power percentage, users need to remain active by regularly claiming badges.

The percentage of voting power plays a crucial role, often used as the minimum threshold (quorum) for proposing or blocking votes in DAOs. For example, in platforms such as Uniswap, a certain percentage of the total supply of tokens is required to initiate a vote. In the event of a malicious attempt to acquire this quorum and potentially attack the DAO, traditional solutions often involve blocking the DAO, veto rights, updating the code or issuing new tokens to increase supply and thus raise the required quorum. In EtherScore, the evolutive distribution of voting power according to the total number of users makes this process fairer and more resilient, reducing the risk of exploitation by malicious actors.

Here are a few formulas to help illustrate the effectiveness of our new model of governance:

### Maximal Gap Between 2 voters:

#### Traditional DAOs:

In existing DAO models, 1 token = 1 vote, and there is generally no minimum voting requirement. Let $$P\_{max}$$ and $$P\_{min}$$ be the maximum and minimum voting powers respectively, $$S$$ the maximum supply of tokens, and $$d$$ the number of token decimal places:

$$
P\_{min} =10^{(-d)}  \quad and\quad P\_{max} =S
$$

The theoretical maximum gap between two voters, $$G\_{max}$$, is given by:

$$
G\_{max} =S-10^{(-d)} \quad, \quad with : G,ϵ,\[10^{(-d)},S\[
$$

Traditional governance tokens, based mainly on the ERC20 standard, have 18 decimal places. The maximum theoretical difference between the smallest and largest voter is therefore close to the total number of tokens available, without considering financial aspects, circulating supply, etc.

#### EtherScore Model:&#x20;

In the EtherScore DAO, 1 vote=1 badge, and the minimum to vote is equal to 1 badge. Let $$P\_{max}$$ and $$P\_{min}$$ be the maximum and minimum voting powers respectively, and $$B\_{max}$$ the maximum number of badges a user can claim in EtherScore:

$$
P\_{min} =1  \quad and\quad P\_{max} =B\_{max}
$$

The theoretical maximum gap between two voters, $$G\_{max}$$, is given by:

$$
G\_{max} =B\_{max} -1 \quad, \quad with : G,ϵ,\[0,B\_{max} \[
$$

EtherScore's approach favors a distribution of voting power that reduces the initial concentration of power among a few large holders, which is common in traditional models based on representation proportional to the number of tokens held.

***

### **Concentration and Voting Power Distribution:**

#### Traditional DAO models:

Total voting power $$P\_{MT}$$ remains constant, determined by the initial supply of tokens. Each user contributes to the total voting power according to the quantity of tokens they hold, and this percentage does not vary according to the number of users or platform activity:&#x20;

* The total sum of voting power $$P\_{MT}$$ is fixed and based on the maximum supply of tokens $$S$$.&#x20;
* Each user $$i$$ in $$MT$$ has a voting power $$p\_i^{MT}$$.
* The percentage of total voting power that user $$i$$ represents is given by $$\frac{p\_i^{MT}}{P\_{MT}}$$.&#x20;

This formulation highlights the fundamental difference with EtherScore, where voting power evolves dynamically according to the number of badges accumulated, offering a more flexible and adaptive approach to decentralized governance.

#### EtherScore DAO Model:

* Each user $$j$$ holds a number of badges $$B\_j$$.&#x20;
* The voting power $$p\_j^{ES}$$ of a user $$j$$ is equal to the number of badges they hold: $$P\_j^{ES} = B\_j$$.&#x20;
* The total voting power $$P\_{ES}$$ in EtherScore is the sum of all badges held by users: $$P\_{ES} = \sum\_{j=1}^{N} B\_j$$ where $$N$$ is the total number of users.
* The percentage of total voting power that a user $$j$$ represents is then: $$\frac{p\_j^{ES}}{P\_{ES}} = \frac{B\_j}{\sum\_{j=1}^{N} B\_j}$$.&#x20;

This formula shows that in EtherScore, each user contributes to the total voting power in proportion to the number of badges they hold. This dynamic model allows for a continuous evolution of total voting power as a function of user activity, making the governance process more inclusive and resilient to attempts at manipulation or excessive concentration of power.<br>

***

### Future improvements: Empirical analysis of major DAOs

To assess the effectiveness of our model, we will conduct an empirical analysis on various DAOs using the formulas described above. While we have already performed basic comparisons regarding the maximal gap and the concentration of top voters, further refinements are needed on datasets to account for different factors such as delegations, circulating supply, and votable supply.

However, our research already indicates that **reputation-based governance models exhibit significantly lower percentages of voting power concentration and a smaller maximal gap between voters**.


# Limits of Reputation-Based Governance

A DAO experiment based on Soulbound Tokens

### Why call it an ‘experiment’?

Because there is still a lot of work to be done to define Web3 reputation and its use cases. The recent publications on Soulbound Tokens [\[1\]](https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/01/26/soulbound.html) [\[2\]](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4105763) have pushed the concept of non-transferable tokens, or NFT badges as we called them, to a certain degree of popularity. It is now quite a common belief that reputation systems will have a place in Web3 but various approaches need to be experimented and the standard of such tokens is still not defined. Each protocol or application has a different perception of what constitutes reputation, which makes it impossible to create one size fits all reputation for everyone. It is crucial for Dapps to have some tools to experiment and iterate with their community to define their own specifications of reputation by themselves.

In addition, we are aware of some limitations:&#x20;

* **Ability to select a diverse community of early DAO participants:** We have to choose who will define the eligibility criterias of EtherScore badges and their benefits. In order to accomplish this, we strive to build a community of Web3 domain experts and users who do not have the same biases or conflicts of interest. People from the same community might favor close friends (or speculation) over other groups, creating inequality instead of building a legitimate community. To try to induce such partiality, we want people with a variety of skills and interests over all categories of Dapps to group them around the objective of building a decentralized reputation system.&#x20;
* **Ability to limit the cold start problem:** We must not create a high entry barrier for newcomers. The challenge is finding criteria that are not dependent on any particular amount of money or cryptocurrency. The last thing we want to create is a system where large capitals are favored over small ones. However, as most uses of blockchains today remain in the DeFi ecosystem, the reputation already gained by users is mainly about this particular purpose (number of swaps, loans, etc). With time, other uses will be democratized and reputation will be more and more sourceable from other categories of Dapps such as social networks, games, etc.&#x20;
* **The lack of community recovery mechanisms:** On-chain reputation must not be transferable but it should be possible to recover it (to get back tokens in case of a compromised address such as a hack, loss of key, etc.). Yet there is no such mechanism widely adopted by users, and to integrate such a mechanism we need mature products that avoid cases of users buying/selling their reputations. In the meantime, EtherScore users will not be able to reissue their badges and will lose their ‘reputation’ in the event of a compromised address (just as it would be with any other asset such as ERC20s and NFTs held by the address).&#x20;
* **Sybil attacks:** It is difficult to be sure that 1 human = 1 address to avoid bots, airdrop farmers, etc. EtherScore will integrate with systems such as proof of personhood protocols and identity aggregators to perform such verification and provide a range of options to badge issuers (Gitcoin passport, Proof of Humanity etc.).&#x20;
* **Limited capabilities of decentralized datasources:** we have limited capabilities to provide blockchain analytics without being a centralized entity. Indeed most pertinent data are not available directly on the chain and must be computed off-chain by performing data indexation, aggregation, and contextualization. But to have a resilient, uncensorship, and unbiased reputation system, EtherScore must not process and maintain the data by itself (or neither use web2 services). Therefore we are relying on data indexers such as The Graph Protocol and Chainlink oracle to get the data, but some tasks such as conditions checking must still be performed by us in the first versions. To replace our centralized component, we are studying several alternatives that will be communicated later.&#x20;
* **Privacy concerns:** While we are aware of dystopias involving SBTs and privacy issues, EtherScore focuses on using data that are already publicly available due to the transparency of blockchains (or which can be deducted from the list of transactions performed by an address). In addition, providing privacy to such tokens enables users to hide specific parts of their profiles including ‘bad reputations’ / negative SBTs which could be used in a lot of use cases. As a result, users may choose what information they want to disclose and lie about their interests, for example.


# Badge benefits

Benefits for curated users

As users accumulate badges, they become curated and can receive incentives from EtherScore and from external partners.

{% hint style="info" %}
Please note that while our NFT badges are on testnet, they are only based on mainnet actions, so the user profile is already representative of true onchain reputation (only the proof is stored on a blockchain testnet instead of centralized servers).
{% endhint %}

### Benefits from EtherScore:&#x20;

In addition to providing an intuitive view of user activity through profiles, EtherScore is actively distributing benefits to badge holders to experiment with reputation-based governance and incentives. Here are the benefits currently available:

* **EtherScore DAO Voting Power**: Each badge grants a certain amount of voting power within the EtherScore DAO.
* **EtherScore Reputation Tiers**: Members earn status based on their accumulated badges, unlocking various perks and recognitions.
  * **Discord Roles**: Badge holders receive special roles on Discord, enhancing their status and access within the community.
  * **Voting Power Bonuses**: Additional voting power is awarded based Reputation Tiers, empowering active and engaged users.

### Benefits from external parties

Here are examples of what can be distributed to EtherScore users from partners or external parties:&#x20;

#### Airdrops and Token Sales

Existing airdrop models are susceptible to price speculation risks, which can negatively impact a project when users do not optimally benefit from the drop. Additionally, airdrops demand substantial resources for customer service and KYC processes.

EtherScore offer a better way to allocate tokens to legitimate users. Airdrops and ICOs models can transparently select a specific community of token holders, which is particularly useful in the early stages of a project. This can create a virtuous cycle, where users and projects both benefit from increased activity and community curation. It would ensure that the incentives are designed to encourage an active, positive community.

#### Discounts / Exclusive events / Restricted access

Many types of rewards can be distributed to EtherScore badge holders, such as discounts on services. Many protocols already use discount tiers with multiple levels of discounts (for example, some centralized exchanges give discounts based on the number of exchange-issued tokens staked). Badges could also be used as membership cards, restricting access to Discord channels, forums, events, new features, or special staking pools.

#### DAO voting power

Onchain reputation will be used in governance more and more, with different models combining ERC20 tokens in addition to reputations, etc. EtherScore aspire to be a pioneer in this domain, offering diverse hybrid solutions that leverage our reputation system. This includes a customizable vote weighting matrix to assign distinct votes to each badge and establish contextual reputations.


# EtherScore Badge Factory

A tool for Dapps to curate their communities.

The EtherScore Badge Factory is at the core of the EtherScore protocol. It is the set of smart contracts that enable EtherScore NFT Badges to be deployed and tailored to a user’s precise specifications.

The EtherScore Badge Factory is designed to focus on these characteristics:

* **Decentralization:** Using The Graph subgraphs and a Chainlink oracle, our data are indexed and queried in a decentralized manner.
* **Verifiability**: EtherScore Badges are stored on-chain as NFTs, and are completely auditable since they contain the query and result to check their validity. Alternative badge providers don’t provide the same level of data integrity. Communities using their badges are forced to trust a centralized badge issuer concerning badge validity.
* **Customizability**: Badge issuers can fully customize their badges to meet their requirements. Users can define minting conditions, transferability, burnability, supply, evolutive badges and many other qualities.

Soon:

* **Openness**: Anyone will be able to create and deploy a badge model without having to ask permission or give information to an intermediary.
* **Ease of Use**: A no-code interface will be provided to facilitate badge issuance. Of course, users may also interact with the smart contract directly.

While the EtherScore team is already using the badge factory to issue its own collection of badges, the factory is not yet available to the public. To create or build on top of badges, please follow [the section 'For Builders'](/faq-for-builders/top).


# Roadmap

What's next?

<figure><img src="/files/z8XmmEks9K2UjPS2h0Ft" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore public roadmap</p></figcaption></figure>


# Integrations examples

Partners can integrate EtherScore to showcase users' onchain reputations in their interfaces, or to reward trusted users with exclusive benefits

Here are some live integrations of EtherScore' onchain reputations:&#x20;

<details>

<summary>EtherScore on Etherscan <img src="/files/7SzS6ZcLqKjSajssHnl0" alt="" data-size="line"> : </summary>

EtherScore reputations (badge count and reputation tier) are displayed on Etherscan blockchain explorer cards to give more context on addresses

<div align="center" data-with-frame="true"><figure><img src="/files/HVx6c3gwzwKHigwpf9pp" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore on Etherscan Cards</p></figcaption></figure></div>

<div data-with-frame="true"><figure><img src="/files/9pXCg3H6YGACezfCTxaz" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore's Etherscan Cards</p></figcaption></figure></div>

[Check integration example](https://etherscan.io/address/0xb48ef8e4e7bef79ddf64d4424151f003a59bfbfb#cards)

</details>

<details>

<summary>EtherScore on Blockscout <img src="/files/wNlKgoVg9AAejGg0PFmT" alt="" data-size="line"> :</summary>

EtherScore reputations (badge count) are displayed on Blockscout blockchain explorer widgets to give more context on addresses

<div align="center" data-with-frame="true"><figure><img src="/files/WA7vw8EhDIBfCHf9MTlY" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore on Blockscout Widgets</p></figcaption></figure></div>

<div data-with-frame="true"><figure><img src="/files/EBt5dalnWcPzLJfqbjWh" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore's Blockscout Widget</p></figcaption></figure></div>

[Check integration example](https://eth.blockscout.com/address/0xB48ef8e4e7Bef79ddF64d4424151f003a59BfbfB)

</details>


# Reputation Leaderboard

Ranking of EtherScore users based on their badge count

The [**Onchain Reputation Leaderboard**](https://beta.etherscore.network/leaderboards) ranks EtherScore users according to their badge count, providing a transparent overview of user reputation across the ecosystem. It also integrates [**ENS**](https://ens.domains/) (.eth) and [**SpaceID**](https://www.space.id/) (.bnb, .arb, etc.) names, allowing users to be easily identified and compared on other platforms.

<figure><img src="/files/DWSuXGSRsy8VnLJV5z2K" alt="" width="563"><figcaption><p>Onchain Reputation Leaderboard by EtherScore</p></figcaption></figure>

More than 130,000 users are currently ranked, with over 230 badges available covering major blockchains and Dapps. The leaderboard offers a global view of onchain activity, helping visualize the most active and engaged Web3 users.

Check the live leaderboard here:&#x20;

{% embed url="<https://beta.etherscore.network/leaderboards>" %}


# EtherScore Mini App

A mobile-friendly app, compatible with Farcaster and The Base App, to provide users a way to showcase their reputations and explore/trade Zora Coins

The [EtherScore Mini App](https://mini-app.etherscore.network/) allows Farcaster users to update and display their onchain reputations. It also includes Zora Coin rankings with trading functionality provided through a Uniswap integration.

Below is a description of the main features:

### Onchain Reputation Overview

The Mini App allows users to visualize and showcase their onchain reputations, with data fetched from EtherScore, Zora, and Farcaster.&#x20;

Users can also check their eligible badges and mint/update their attestations.

<div><figure><img src="/files/qwV31AexC1qgontJtm6E" alt="" width="279"><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure><img src="/files/mumvIe40BOjGN7Its2ID" alt="" width="279"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

List of data displayed on "My Profile" page:

* Farcaster: followers/followings count
* Zora: Collected coins, created Zora posts coins, total holders and max unique holders for posts coins, Uniswap integration if creator coin&#x20;
* EtherScore: attestation data, claimed badges

Over time, we expect to add more analytics for Farcaster and Zora.

***

### Zora Coins Trading Interface

The Mini App includes a trading interface for  Zora Coins, with a Coinmarketcap-like experience. Trading happens via a Uniswap integration.

Users can explore Zora/Base App coin rankings across various categories such as Top Market Cap, Trending, Daily Volume, etc.\
They can also access a personalized overview of the coins they’ve created or collected.

<div><figure><img src="/files/IujC3XlikAr2zeyaqLc2" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure><img src="/files/18L13mMtJrV7qUYQCuNQ" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure><img src="/files/lTLabqrijR0WpwUGOJME" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure><img src="/files/U8lS7DsvmVHsZ5JCiwie" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

EtherScore Mini App integrates Coinbase Minikit, Zora SDK, and Uniswap for trading and onchain interactions.\
Chart data is fetched from the CoinGecko API.

***

Check out the Mini App here (can be accessed from desktop browser, or mobile via Farcaster/The Base App):

{% embed url="<https://mini-app.etherscore.network/>" %}


# How to claim badges?

Tutorial to claim your first badges on EtherScore

Steps to participate and build your on-chain reputation:

Once you are on the [EtherScore Beta Version Dapp](https://alpha.etherscore.network/) :

#### 1) Connect wallet to EtherScore and Base Sepolia

If you are already connected and on the right network, skip to [Create your EtherScore Profile](#id-2-create-your-etherscore-profile)

* Click on Connect Wallet in the top-right corner

<figure><img src="/files/xggYgKm2kF7DAbs3zxie" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* Select your wallet provider (Metamask, WalletConnect, etc.)

  <figure><img src="/files/Z75uj8MJWsCRR9WDOe7R" alt="" width="283"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
* Change your wallet network to Base Sepolia Testnet.

  *If you encounter issues adding the network, you can add it using* [*Chainlist*](https://chainlist.org/chain/84532)*.*

<figure><img src="/files/6bLukGJLtd7WTJSVOfLu" alt=""><figcaption><p>Changing network to Base Sepolia</p></figcaption></figure>

* [Get free ETH on Base Sepolia Testnet](https://www.alchemy.com/faucets/base-sepolia) to use EtherScore. \
  *If you have any issue, here is a* [*list of other faucets*](https://docs.base.org/docs/tools/network-faucets/)*.*&#x20;

#### 2) Create your EtherScore Profile

The 1st time you use EtherScore, you will see this message.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/DSZ0TZXpdf4SAeN0jRZC" alt="" width="322"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Click on "Create Profile" and confirm the transaction in your wallet.\
*You don't need to provide information, just a quick transaction to initiate your account.*

{% hint style="warning" %}
Please be sure to have ETH on Base Sepolia to be able to mint your profile ([Faucets](https://docs.base.org/docs/tools/network-faucets/))
{% endhint %}

#### 3) Claim your first EtherScore Badge:

1. Explore EtherScore badges \
   *You can filter badges by many criteria such as categories (DEXs, NFTs, etc.),  networks, protocols and more.*

   <figure><img src="/files/TOmH1QOJ59y7ePNFikwA" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

2. Claim eligible badges

   *You can claim directly from the badge explorer, or from the specific badge pages*&#x20;

   <figure><img src="/files/x5LOHzf5SNSi99rDNuVL" alt="" width="142"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

   * Click on claim and confirm your transaction in your wallet

   <div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="hint" data-style="warning" class="hint hint-warning"><p>You need an EtherScore profile and ETH on Base Sepolia to claim badges </p></div>

   * Wait for transaction to be finalized and EtherScore oracle to mint your badge
   * You are done! Congrats for claiming your first badge! Now you can showcase your collection in your EtherScore profile.

3. Enjoy badge holders benefits
   * [Join our Discord](https://discord.gg/6yrKCgEgzp)
   * Join[ EtherScore DAO](https://snapshot.org/#/etherscoredao.eth) on Snapshot
   * Collect more badges to get [EtherScore Reputation Tiers](/documentation/reputation-tiers)

#### Tips:&#x20;

* To access your EtherScore Profile, click on your avatar or on the arrow in the top-right corner

<figure><img src="/files/DFh1zovnW4TY4bM0NHvB" alt="" width="187"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* You can explore badges using the default "Badge Card" view, or the "List" view:

<figure><img src="/files/2VWMdAcb5J5MpWSeUpWb" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# How to claim Discord roles?

\
If you own at least 1 badge from EtherScore, you can claim the role 'DAO member' to participate in DAO discussions by accessing restricted Discord channels.

Here is the list of roles available on Discord [(more on EtherScore Reputation Tiers here)](/documentation/reputation-tiers):

* <img src="/files/LXL3HFktXAKte92whmgu" alt="" data-size="line"> DAO member: holding at least 1 badge
* <img src="/files/QVIiBM79Lm3mVZFEf0du" alt="" data-size="line"> Bronze member: holding at least 10 badges
* <img src="/files/ahiJHPSAYPVBz6CHUXXx" alt="" data-size="line"> Silver member: holding at least 20 badges
* <img src="/files/xRXOy49MjXN3WrL7pfg5" alt="" data-size="line"> Gold member: holding at least 40 badges
* <img src="/files/eFHPIonH9q0KfRiy92YZ" alt="" data-size="line"> Platinum member: holding at least 60 badges
* <img src="/files/3lMx25e3fnAHPIBO4uDS" alt="" data-size="line"> Diamond member: holding at least 80 badges
* <img src="/files/zEAxPDx21JLfJg2HQrOH" alt="" data-size="line"> Verified member: having minted an [EtherScore attestation](/documentation/etherscore-attestations)
* <img src="/files/OVSxcd1J4EtFyG8b1AEy" alt="" data-size="line"> EtherScore GG18 donator: holding the EtherScore badge "EtherScore GG18 donator" (eligible for users having donated to EtherScore during Gitcoin GG18)
* <img src="/files/TSB0ZrzCkY3NEAuOuiOG" alt="" data-size="line"> EtherScore Early Supporter: holding the EtherScore badge "EtherScore Early Supporter" (eligible for users having minted our commemorative NFT during the minting period)
* <img src="/files/CT1tW92NktSmnTFbrxM3" alt="" data-size="line"> EtherScore GG19 donator: holding the EtherScore badge "EtherScore GG19 donator" (eligible for users having donated to EtherScore during Gitcoin GG19)

To claim your role your must meet the conditions and then go to the [channel "get-role"](https://discord.com/channels/876922513127505950/1278732585656127542) in our Discord and click on "Get role":

<figure><img src="/files/DJn0AcbOvILkkWqK7fkb" alt=""><figcaption><p>Discord role claiming process</p></figcaption></figure>

This will open the Guild.xyz website in a new window in your browser. If you have never used Guild, connect your wallet and Discord account to it and verify again your assets in "get-role" channel on Discord.

{% hint style="info" %}
If you have any issue, please follow [this detailed tutorial](https://help.guild.xyz/en/articles/6947554-how-to-join-a-guild-from-discord) from Guild.xyz.
{% endhint %}

<figure><img src="/files/RAiANWysEIkMaVpbsjYl" alt=""><figcaption><p>EtherScore Guild (list of available roles)</p></figcaption></figure>

Please note that you cannot associate 1 wallet to 2 different Discord accounts.


# How to vote in EtherScore DAO?

EtherScore DAO uses Snapshot off-chain voting. To participate, you must have at least one EtherScore badge. DAO discussions are happening on Discord, please make sure to [claim your Discord role ](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-discord-roles)when joining.

More details on the alpha version DAO [here](/documentation/dao/limits-of-reputation-based-governance).

**Steps to vote in EtherScore DAO:**

1. Owning an EtherScore badge ([How to claim a badge](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-badges))
2. Join [our Snapshot space](https://snapshot.org/#/etherscoredao.eth) and follow our social networks for announcements of proposals (you can also subscribe to notifications on Snapshot).
3. Vote for the proposal when released on [our Snapshot space](https://snapshot.org/#/etherscoredao.eth). Your voting power is equal to the number of badges owned.


# How to propose badges to the DAO?

EtherScore DAO members can propose badges in a specific Discord channel. The core team will review the suggestions to be added into a Snapshot proposal.&#x20;

To propose badges, you must have claimed a badge and the 'DAO member' role to access restricted Discord channels. If you already have the role you can go directly to step 4.

**Steps to propose badges to the EtherScore DAO:**

1. Owning an EtherScore badge ([How to claim a badge](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-badges))
2. [Join our Discord](https://discord.gg/6yrKCgEgzp)&#x20;
3. Get the 'DAO member' Discord role ([How to claim Discord roles](/faq-for-users/how-to-claim-discord-roles))
4. Go into the Discord channel ['proposal-1'](https://discord.com/channels/876922513127505950/1006501641089978419)
5. Use the provided guidelines to submit a badge in the channel:

   *Please keep in mind that we look for 'positive behaviours' within the web3 ecosystem. To suggest a badge please follow this template:*

   Badge Name:

   Badge Description:

   Badge Conditions:

   Badge Datasource:

   Badge Benefits:

   *Why do you think these people are pertinent to be selected?*

   *We would like to avoid badges that can be farmed/cheated, please try to think about potential 'attack vectors' and highlight them if any.*

To facilitate collaborations, a curated list of badges proposed by the community will be provided in a 2nd channel ['proposal-1-summary'](https://discord.com/channels/876922513127505950/1063413656156635157) after reviewing from the team (removing any badge not technically implementable or not aligned with EtherScore values).

The team will announce the 1st Snapshot proposal during February 2023. You may be rewarded for your badge proposals if they are accepted by the community!


# How to build on top?

What can be built on top of EtherScore badges and reputations

### **Release EtherScore badges for your community:**

* Create badges to **encourage user growth, retention**, or for educational purposes. Users become eligible for EtherScore badges by performing onchain actions, providing a way to reward engagement and incentivize specific behaviors.

  To set up badges, partners provide the required information such as smart contracts, or subgraph/API details. The EtherScore team then handles the badge release, ensuring that eligible users claim them correctly.

{% content-ref url="/pages/kozPn3e2q2xNtRkCCXtS" %}
[How to create badges?](/faq-for-builders/top-1)
{% endcontent-ref %}

Explore existing badges in our Dapp:

{% embed url="<https://beta.etherscore.network/explore>" %}

***

### Use EtherScore API to identify trusted users

* **Profile display:** Show users’ onchain reputations on their profiles to provide more context and enhance social features.
* **Whitelist access for airdrops, ICOs, or NFT mints:** Curate eligible recipients to reduce bots and farmers. Restrict access to users identified as reputable or those who have previously interacted with a specific protocol.
* **Fidelity programs:** Offer discounts or perks for services to reliable users based on their onchain reputation.
* **Reputation-based services:** Develop new Dapp features or restrict existing actions based on users’ badge holdings (beta testing, "VIP" users, etc.)

Details on how to use EtherScore API:

{% content-ref url="/pages/DP7yWp5QIuSPLPgmJ1g4" %}
[EtherScore API](/faq-for-builders/etherscore-api)
{% endcontent-ref %}

***

### Use EtherScore and Guildxyz to curate your Discord community&#x20;

* **Restricted Discord channels:** curate your Discord server discussions by restricting access to certain channels based on users’ badge count or reputation tier.

  You can use the [Guildxyz](https://guild.xyz/) interface to easily setup your roles and conditions:&#x20;

{% content-ref url="/pages/8CA3hFf0ufxcuNi8xk0P" %}
[Token-gate your Discord community](/faq-for-builders/token-gate-your-discord-community)
{% endcontent-ref %}

***

### Build a reputation-based DAO / Integrate reputations in your DAO

* **Reputation-based DAOs:** define your DAO vote weights based on onchain reputations instead of token holdings
* **Whitelist DAO access** to users having reached a specific badge count in EtherScore
* **Boost DAO members votes** based on reputations to combine holders + active users

You can use the [Snapshot](https://snapshot.box/#/) interface to easily setup your DAO and voting strategies (please contact EtherScore at <contact@onchainedlab.com> to get support):&#x20;

{% embed url="<https://docs.snapshot.box/user-guides/spaces/create>" %}


# How to create badges?

Create EtherScore badges to improve user growth and retention in your community

Badge creation is, for now, limited to the EtherScore team.

If you want **to issue EtherScore badges for your Dapp or community, please reach us** at <contact@onchainedlab.com>


# EtherScore API

How to use EtherScore API to integrate onchain reputations

Partners can integrate EtherScore's reputations via the EtherScore API.

See live integrations on Etherscan and Blockscout explorers here:&#x20;

{% content-ref url="/pages/YdPWoUXEar1dA1fXr8Kp" %}
[Integrations examples](/documentation/integrations-examples)
{% endcontent-ref %}

To get a free API key, please reach us at <contact@onchainedlab.com> , or in [our Discord server](https://discord.gg/6yrKCgEgzp).

***

The EtherScore API provides comprehensive onchain reputation data for integration with Dapps or communities. The data includes various user metrics, such as:

* **User Profile:**
  * Verification status with a verified badge icon
  * User tier and rank, with associated images
  * Badge statistics, including maximum and user-minted badge counts
* **Latest User Attestation:**
  * Recently attested badge count and tier
* **Additional Information:**
  * Profile URL linked to the user's wallet address
  * Tooltips providing guidance on badges and tiers

```
{
	success: true,
	data: {
			user_metrics: {
				user_profile: {
					verified: "Verified",
					verified_image: "<server>/images/icons/Avatar_Check_Verified_Icon.svg",
					tier_image: "<server>/images/reputationTiers/<user_tier>.png",
					max_badge_count: <current max count of badges>,
					user_badge_count: <current user-minted count of badges>,
					user_rank: <current user rank>,
					user_tier: <current user tier>,
					user_badge_percentage: <user_badge_count / max_badge_count>,
				},
				latest_user_attestation: {
					tier_image: "<server>/images/reputationTiers/<user_tier>.png",
					max_badge_count: <lastly attested max count of badges>,
					user_badge_count: <lastly attested user-minted count of badges>,
					user_rank: <lastly attested user rank>,
					user_tier: <lastly attested user tier>
				},
				profile_url: <server>/<wallet address>,
				tooltip_badges: “tooltip text for badges”,
				tooltip_tiers: “tooltip text for tiers”,
			}
		}
}

```


# Token-gate your Discord community

EtherScore reputations can be used via Guild.xyz to assign dynamic roles to Discord users, based on their EtherScore badges

To add roles to your Discord server using Guild.xyz and EtherScore, follow this tutorial: [How to Guildify Discord Roles](https://help.guild.xyz/en/articles/6947578-how-to-guildify-discord-roles).

**Step 3: Requirements**

To assign a role to users who have claimed a specific NFT badge:

1. Select the **Base Sepolia network**.
2. Enter this NFT contract address: `0x6cf0acc13418334384e9101e7345f355191dcffe`.
3. Specify your token ID (e.g., 82).

You can view the list of badges and their associated IDs [here](/faq-for-builders/list-of-etherscore-badges).

<figure><img src="/files/Q6EbPnNWFUgP5toFzD3C" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

You can also assign roles to users who have earned a specific number of NFT badges, such as Bronze members with over 10 badges:

<figure><img src="/files/Xycaz3MOpQMygovjJ5F9" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# List of EtherScore badges

This sheet contains the list of badges that have been released on EtherScore.

{% embed url="<https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Xk8x63oKc4-hlDUGkZpY-il_C1PjzYIh11jyr6eCMKg/edit?usp=sharing>" %}


# How to integrate EtherScore Profiles?

Display EtherScore Badges or Profiles in your application

To integrate EtherScore, you'll soon be able to use our SDK. In the mean time if you want **to display EtherScore badges/profiles/tiers in your application, please reach us** at <contact@onchainedlab.com>


# Useful links

<img src="https://cdn.discordapp.com/emojis/1125796872603308063.webp?size=80&#x26;quality=lossless" alt=":etherscore:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Dapp: [https://beta.etherscore.network/](https://alpha.etherscore.network/)

<img src="https://cdn.discordapp.com/emojis/1125796872603308063.webp?size=80&#x26;quality=lossless" alt=":etherscore:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Website:  [https://etherscore.network/](https://alpha.etherscore.network/)

<img src="https://cdn.discordapp.com/emojis/1100551871367753901.webp?size=80&#x26;quality=lossless" alt=":twitter~4:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Twitter: <https://twitter.com/EtherScore>

<img src="/files/TK9utCaHdh8iSloSe6uR" alt=":twitter~4:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Farcaster: <https://farcaster.xyz/etherscoredao>

<img src="https://cdn.discordapp.com/emojis/961536585730502697.webp?size=80&#x26;quality=lossless" alt=":lens~2:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Lens: <https://lenster.xyz/u/etherscore>

<img src="https://cdn.discordapp.com/emojis/1006491703101882448.webp?size=80&#x26;quality=lossless" alt=":snapshot:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Snapshot: <https://snapshot.org/#/etherscoredao.eth>

<img src="https://cdn.discordapp.com/emojis/1087500386480431124.webp?size=80&#x26;quality=lossless" alt=":medium:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Medium : <https://medium.com/@etherscore>

<img src="https://cdn.discordapp.com/emojis/1087500379387863121.webp?size=160&#x26;quality=lossless" alt=":discord:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Discord : <https://discord.gg/6yrKCgEgzp>

<img src="/files/xXbk8JyMywha2eH0wCmT" alt=":discord:" data-size="line"> EtherScore Guild.xyz : <https://guild.xyz/etherscore>


# Contract addresses

EtherScore Attestations are live on Base mainnet.

\
Please be sure to use the following addresses when interacting with EtherScore Dapp:&#x20;

* [EtherScore EAS Attestation Schema](https://base.easscan.org/schema/view/0x0e912c453c31adbc0e615a5e8b07cd191dd5017386520dbbf00d78419edd9fc4)
* **TierAttestationAttester**\
  [0x070345F0178E52c86ed246AFb726DfF5c3dA144b](https://basescan.org/address/0x070345f0178e52c86ed246afb726dff5c3da144b)
* **TierAttestationAttesterProxyAdmin** [0xf7432bC64Ea0226207F83EBfA09F63EC45f4D557](https://basescan.org/address/0xf7432bC64Ea0226207F83EBfA09F63EC45f4D557)
* **TierAttestationAttesterProxy** [0x82b0935cBC5142B578E445e0df304275c9437C23](https://basescan.org/address/0x82b0935cbc5142b578e445e0df304275c9437c23)
* **TierAttestationResolver**\
  [0x801e58B05c25b9c44Dc3765521657FFD6726d09b](https://basescan.org/address/0x801e58b05c25b9c44dc3765521657ffd6726d09b)
* **TierAttestationResolverProxyAdmin** [0xdFDf153aa7B60780ACB5D5e007dDc92941f19D07](https://basescan.org/address/0xdfdf153aa7b60780acb5d5e007ddc92941f19d07)
* **TierAttestationResolverProxy** [0x7D20c4497fb5468Eac1F041E72E952Ff8665ce03](https://basescan.org/address/0x7d20c4497fb5468eac1f041e72e952ff8665ce03)
* **TierAttestationVerifier**

  [0x481bc45aB83Ed0686A2169fBf7E4BCFf461A563a](https://basescan.org/address/0x481bc45ab83ed0686a2169fbf7e4bcff461a563a)
* **TierAttestationVerifierProxyAdmin** [0x9938865017a0c9d7a4286225b6B3d08d8d455F83](https://basescan.org/address/0x9938865017a0c9d7a4286225b6b3d08d8d455f83)
* **TierAttestationVerifierProxy** [0xAc99010535B261a4bCd31F24521f5AD78Bc6F699](https://basescan.org/address/0xac99010535b261a4bcd31f24521f5ad78bc6f699)

EtherScore Beta version is live on Base Sepolia testnet.\
Please be sure to use the following addresses when interacting with EtherScore Dapp:&#x20;

* **Badge Definition Factory (Beta version)**\
  Address: [0x2A503579eDdC8e698Dff381222B1E283f68271dF](https://sepolia.basescan.org/address/0x2a503579eddc8e698dff381222b1e283f68271df)\
  Description: Contract used to issue EtherScore badge definitions instances
* **Badge Token Factory (Beta version)**\
  Address: [0x6CF0aCc13418334384E9101e7345F355191dcfFe](https://sepolia.basescan.org/address/0x6cf0acc13418334384e9101e7345f355191dcffe)\
  Description: Contract used to issue EtherScore badges instances
* **EtherScore Oracle (Beta version)**\
  Address: [0xAeC9D8128a75Cb93B56D4dCf693a04251f8b9340](https://sepolia.basescan.org/address/0xaec9d8128a75cb93b56d4dcf693a04251f8b9340)\
  Description: Contract used by EtherScore to verify badge eligibility conditions


# Brand kit

#### EtherScore logo rounded (.PNG):

| Black                                                               | White                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| <img src="/files/dL8dAIHoHTrf1zaSUODd" alt="" data-size="original"> | <img src="/files/H7Dd3xtmxcjaQmkIpc1r" alt="" data-size="original"> |

#### EtherScore logo horizontal black (.PNG):

| Black                                                               | White                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| <img src="/files/7Mpz9yr0bzZlhxChd2KQ" alt="" data-size="original"> | <img src="/files/8llvMJgNPDcMhDp5qEC0" alt="" data-size="original"> |

#### EtherScore logo vertical (.PNG):

| Black                                                               | White                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| <img src="/files/BueFUw3igcF1CTrMABrs" alt="" data-size="original"> | <img src="/files/Zdc3x64wL9KqMX4yPoDO" alt="" data-size="original"> |


# Introduction

As more and more projects, users and capitals are joining the Web3 ecosystem, it can be difficult to identify and build a strong community of reliable and regular protocols’ participants. Indeed it is complex for projects to reward efficiently their community as current airdrops models are prone to be cheated and dependent on speculation (which can also really impact projects). Moreover, DeFi platforms are competing together to attract liquidity using various incentives or innovations which makes the process of retention of users more complex (as we saw with the vampire attacks of Sushiswap).

There are currently numerous experiments of user incentive mechanisms or restrictions to ICOs and airdrops to try to better allocate funds to reliable users/participants. However such experimental techniques are still not optimal as there is a lack of composability, verifiability and openness. Indeed each project is developing its own method to curate its community using different metrics and data sources, most of the time in a centralized way. EtherScore is a concept providing an open standard for protocols to issue their own reputation model as NFTs.

EtherScore enables Dapps to better identify their reliable users by distributing them badges (as [ERC-721 ](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721)NFTs) based on their previous actions. These NFTs can later be used as conditions to access specific smart contracts, airdrops, or even more voting power and many other incentives. Those badges are a first step in order to facilitate those platforms to curate their valuable and notable users. Badges minting conditions rely on queries sent to a [Chainlink](https://chain.link/) oracle (requesting [The Graph Protocol](https://thegraph.com/docs/en/) data indexing protocol) that stores the query and its result as well into the blockchain. This storage of the condition fulfillment attempt can be used for further post-minting verification of badges.

The main goal of the badges is to be real on-chain proof of experience / activity / achievement to grant to valuable holders exclusive access or reward according to the platform policies towards them.


# Problem statement

Blockchains need reputation systems. The ecosystem lacks the ability to access historic, granular, or processed data. Therefore, true reputation models do not exist. Applications have difficulty identifying and rewarding users. While some applications have started to exploit refined data, usage remains limited to informative front-end or market data purposes. Blockchains need access to data directly on-chain to enable a new generation of reputation-based services. Indeed, while more than 90% of traditional companies use a system to track user fidelity/engagement [(source)](https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/pdf-43/accenture-strategy-gcpr-customer-loyalty.pdf), Dapps still have difficulty integrating the concept.


# Data analytics access

Decentralized applications have started to flourish in many fields, however the use of on-chain data remains limited. Most is used for front-end informative purposes in wallets or websites providing stats about Dapps such as [info.Uniswap](https://info.uniswap.org/#/) or [DeFiPulse](https://www.defipulse.com/). Other usage of analyzing on-chain data currently are market intelligence providers ([Glassnode](https://glassnode.com/), [Messari](https://messari.io/), [Coinmetrics](https://coinmetrics.io/)), and entities offering KYC/AML services (such as [CipherTrace](https://ciphertrace.com/), [Chainalysis](https://www.chainalysis.com/), or [CoinFirm](https://www.coinfirm.com/)). Many academic researchers are also working in the blockchain analytics field, i.e. executing off-chain computations to extract information from blocks and transactions. Academic research mainly concerns specific data use cases (notably the study of blockchains’ network usage, node distribution etc.).

As the list above demonstrates, on-chain data analytics is silo-ed and underemployed. However, databases have been becoming less private thanks to data indexers like The Graph Protocol and Covalent, allowing the blockchain ecosystem to get access to well indexed, suitable data about blocks and transactions.

Numerous use cases can benefit from the availability of such data. Indeed, thanks to those indexers it is much more convenient to analyze the user activity and experience of a blockchain. Indexing is much more powerful than blockchain explorers, which can only be used to check for an address history through its own transactions. Data indexers bring the capability of querying the data while looking for specific patterns.

With the progress of many blockchains, a multi-chain ecosystem is currently surfacing in which users can have cryptocurrencies in several chains. Wallets and many Dapps are transitioning toward this path and users now have access to some aggregated views (such as [Zapper.fi](https://zapper.fi/)). However someone can note that there is only a small amount of accessible information such as token balances and cumbersome transaction lists. There are some existing platforms which are currently working on the social aspect of blockchains and the users identity but there is clearly a lack of usage, composability, and data. The more ledgers & wallets are appearing the more the need for user identification becomes preponderant.


# Absence of reputation system

There is a clear need for protocols to be able to identify their respective valuable users in order to reward them. However there is currently no standard either method widely adopted to tackle this need, and as a consequence there is currently a lack of reputation systems in blockchains.

We already saw several attempts from projects trying to recognize and reward their users such as Uniswap which airdropped some UNI tokens to each address that has interacted with their protocol . This approach was, at this time, considered by some cryptocurrencies users as one of the most “fair” airdrops. After this way of thinking came out, this list of Uniswap user addresses was used by a lot of other projects which considered that it formed a community of DeFi users and enthusiasts. However this list can of course not be sustainable even if projects keep adding to it users of protocol X or Y.

We can also cite the cases of ICOs/token sales or NFT drops that try to distribute their tokens to as many small holders as possible instead of traders / investors which tend to speculate and sell for profits as soon as they can. Since the ICO mania in 2017, various sales models were experienced trying to provide better equity for all investors. Following this, today’s sales are defining various vesting periods, lowering purchase limits per user and often rely on a random whitelisting or queue system to select allowed participants (which can also sometimes force KYC processes). More recently, some projects already using a queue system (such as [Coinlist ](https://coinlist.co/)or [Nba Top Shot](https://nbatopshot.com/)) migrated to a priority queue system where some users have better chances to be selected based on their previous actions within the project (such as participation in previous sales etc).

Alternatively, launchpad platforms that experienced a certain period of popularity during the bull market such as [Polkastarter](https://whitepaper.io/document/651/polkastarter-whitepaper) or centralized exchanges can also require to have a minimum of their tokens staked since (or for) a period of time in addition to being randomly selected. However it is not capital efficient for funded projects to ask their potential buyers to also invest in the launchpad tokens to access it (as the capital used to access the sale could be spent into it directly) and this also results, most of times, in small investors being unable to access it even despite community/project engagement.

Some more innovative approaches also exist, such as [UMA](https://github.com/UMAprotocol/whitepaper) which provides ’[KPI options](https://medium.com/uma-project/uma-kpi-options-and-airdrop-bae86be16ce4)’. Those options’ rewards value depends on a key metric of their protocol usage: the total value locked. These options result in ’betting’ on the project usage so it involves the holder in the project community as he has interest to grow its usage. These KPI options were distributed to a list of curated addresses (previous participants of the protocols) as a reward of their actions.

All these attempts to provide user incentive mechanisms are highlighting the fact that some platforms want to reward their users but there is a need for a standardization of techniques to better identify them.


# Reputations in Web3

EtherScore badges can help to curate blockchains users according to their past actions. In fact, a lot of existing systems are already using such approaches as in social networks (Twitter), forums (Reddit), or collaboration platforms (Github) where trust between users can be acquired from their previous actions. While the transparency, when there is, of such systems allows anyone to dig into the user profiles to check their history, it is unfeasible on a large scale, and most known websites instead use various badges, ranks, or status to directly identify users. All these methods tend to curate communities and bring trust between users by aggregating and synthesizing user’s past experiences (which can highlight fake accounts or bad behavior).

Once profiles are curated, this creates a list of reliable users which can also be used to distribute gifts, discounts or privileges. Such lists of users were nonexistent directly on-chain, which was clearly limiting their usages in current blockchains and Dapps.

Community curation using EtherScore badges could be a solution to several existing issues related to a lack of user identification tools on Ethereum. Indeed airdrops, token sales, and DAOs governance could become more distributed among curated users by using badges as access conditions (a lot of new services can also emerge such as in DeFi with under collateralized loans but also in decentralized social networks or anything that requires mutual trust). Such techniques could lead to virtuous cycles where those ’Web3 user profiles’ help to reduce the number of scams and bring value to user’s involvement in platforms.&#x20;